To our knowledge, this one is the first demonstration of the powerful enhancement of the memory via a natural factor that easily passes through the barrier blood-brain -- and it can maintain therefore the promise for the development of the treatment, " Explained Cristina Alberini, Ph.D., of the Medicine Faculty of the Sinaí mount, New York, concessionaire of the NIH' national institute of s of the mental health (NIMH). Alberini and the colleagues say that IGF-II could become a potential target of the drug for the impulse memory. They disclose on his discovery in the application of the 27 of January of 2011 the nature. " Then we learn more on such mechanisms of the formation and of the extinction of the memory of the fear, we hoped to apply this knowledge to approach clinical problems, including post-traumatic disorder of the tension, " director this Thomas R. Insel, M.D of NIMH. The energy that remains of a memory depends on the synthesis of new proteins and structural changes in the connections between the neurons. These changes of the memory-consolidation happen within windows time-limited the right after learning, when the memories undergo the consolidation, and also straighten after a memory recovers, reconsolidation called of process. The hints of other studies took to the investigators to suspect that IGF-II plays a role in these processes within brain' center of the memory of s, the seahorse, where it is concentrated relatively highly. The factor of growth little known is part of brain' machinery of s for the repair and the regeneration of the weave; it is important during the development and it falls with age. In order to discover how it can be that it works in memory, Alberini' the equipment of s used a standard test of the inhibiting training called memory of the avoidance of the fear. They followed the movement of rats in an atmosphere where the animal learned to associate a dark area to smooth shocks of the foot. At the most an animal avoided the dark area, best its memory of the fear. This class of learning raised the natural expression of IGF-II in the seahorse. The investigators so injected synthetic IGF-II directly in the seahorse during windows of the consolidation or reconsolidation, when the memories are malleable. Notable, rats' the memory improved noticeable -- with the effects lasting at least some weeks. A examinación of animals' the brains revealed that IGF-II had consolidated the cellular connections and the memory of long underlying term of the mechanisms -- a process called the involution of long term. IGF-II consolidated a memory so and delayed their normal decay -- forgetting, well-known Alberini. The investigators were shortage previously that the fragility induced by the recovery of the memory requires new synthesis of the protein in brain' area of the fear of s, amygdala -- but only if the memory is less than two weeks as an older person. In the new study, they found that the enhancement of the memory driven by IGF-II during this window of reconsolidation depended on new synthesis of the protein in the seahorse during the same term. They suggest these time-limited effects were possible to be explained by a gradual change in the site where a memory is stored as it grows older, of the seahorse brain' it castrates external of s, or crust. The study demonstrated that the growth factor works with his the own one -- also known little -- The IGF-II receiver and depends on the activation of an enzyme (GSK3 beta), and on the receivers of AMPA for the chemical glutamato of the messenger, that are implied in memory. The evidence suggests something that the new neurons that they activate, appears to work through connections already activated between the cells -- or synapse -- that is regulated by the enzyme and the receiver. Between the future directions, the investigators could explore if IGF-II could heighten other types of memory, such as extinction that learned, in which a memory of the fear is replaced by a memory of the security, said Alberini. If he is thus he can be that he provides tracks to the new treatments you disorder for them of anxiety like PTSD. Besides NIMH, the investigation also he was financed by NIH' national institute of s in illicit drug possession and national institute of general medical sciences, among others suppliers of bottoms.
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